深层搅拌与喷锚技术支护体系的试验研究

通过深层搅拌与喷锚技术在珠海明星大厦基坑支护中的应用，对实验结果进行分析研究。     

基于智能夹层的复合材料柔性蒙皮变形测量研究

探索变体机翼蒙皮拉伸变形测量的可行性,对波纹式复合材料蒙皮的变形测量方法进行研究。通过新配方制作了波纹式蒙皮试件,对其进行力学拉伸试验,分析蒙皮的力学性能。制作模块化的智能夹层,对安装在蒙皮上的智能夹层输出特性进行测试,并与直接粘贴在蒙皮表面的应变片输出特性进行对比分析。结果表明:通过新配方制作的柔性蒙皮线弹性范围达到0~7%;在蒙皮线弹性范围内智能夹层能有效测得应变数据,其应变灵敏系数相对于应变片由2.08降至1.84;由应变反推的蒙皮伸长量与实际伸长量较吻合。     

某型自动榴弹发射器身管铬层厚度研究

为解决某型35 mm自动榴弹发射器身管铬层设计存在合格率低和生产成本高的问题,对其身管铬层厚度进行研究。找出身管铬层厚度设计的缺陷,对其进行深入分析,提出将身管铬层厚度进行调整的方法,并以大量试验进行验证。结果表明:该方法既能缩短生产时间,降低镀铬溶液、水、电、气等物质消耗和生产成本,还能提高生产效率以及产品的合格率。     

Significantly enhanced dc electrical resistivity and piezoelectric properties of Tb-modified CaBi2Nb2O9 ceramics for high-temperature piezoelectric applications

Bismuth layer–structured ferroelectric calcium bismuth niobate (CaBi₂Nb₂O₉, CBN) is considered to be one of the most potential high-temperature piezoelectric materials due to its high Curie temperature T_c of ∼940°C, but the drawbacks of low electrical resistivity at elevated temperature and low piezoelectric performance limit its applications as key electronic components at high temperature (HT). Herein, we report significantly enhanced dc electrical resistivity and piezoelectric properties of CBN ceramics through rare-earth element Tb ions compositional adjustment. The nominal compositions of Ca_1−xTb_xBi₂Nb₂O₉ (abbreviated as CBN-100xTb) have been fabricated by conventional solid-state reaction method. The composition of CBN-3Tb exhibits a significantly enhanced dc electrical resistivity of 1.97 × 10⁶ Ω cm at 600°C, which is larger by two orders of magnitude compared with unmodified CBN. The donor substitutions of Tb³⁺ ions for Ca²⁺ ions reduce the oxygen vacancy concentrations and increase the band-gap energy, which is responsible for the enhancement of dc electric resistivity. The temperature-dependent dc conduction properties reveal that the conduction is dominated by the thermally activated oxygen vacancies in the low-temperature region (200–350°C) and by the intrinsic conduction in the HT region (350–650°C). The CBN-3Tb also exhibits enhanced piezoelectric properties with a high piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ of ∼13.2 pC/N and a high T_c of ∼966°C. Moreover, the CBN-3Tb exhibits good thermal stabilities of piezoelectric properties, remaining 97% of its room temperature value after annealing at 900°C. These properties demonstrate the great potentials of Tb-modified CBN for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.     

Highly conductive mesoporous hierarchical carbon hollow fibers fabricated via confinement of TiO2 coating by ALD

A polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber composed of interconnected nanofibers within its wall was employed as a template to deposit with a layer of TiO₂ by atomic layer deposition. Direct nitridation of the TiO₂-coated PSF hollow fiber at 800 and 1000°C was conducted, and a new hierarchical structure of TiO_xN_1−x and TiN@nitrogen-doped carbon hollow fibers, respectively, was formed. The PSF fiber served as the source of carbon and was directly transformed to a nitrogen-doped carbon fiber because the shape change was confined by the TiO₂ coating. In the meantime, TiO_xN_1−x or TiN was formed after the nitridation of TiO₂. X-ray photoelectron spectrometric analysis indicated that there was no chemical bonding between the nitridized coating and the carbon nanofibers. It implies that the nitridation of TiO₂ and carbonization of PSF proceed independently and simultaneously in the nitridation process. Raman spectroscopic analysis also confirmed the formation of graphitic lattice and Ti–N bonding. Electrical measurement indicated that both fibers were highly conductive, with the electrical resistivity in the order of 10⁻⁵ Ω m, which is lower than those of amorphous carbon and graphite along the direction perpendicular to the basal plane.     

Interface-layer-assisted reliable ferroelectricity in BiFeO3 thin films by chemical solution deposition

BiFeO₃ thin films, specifically those fabricated by chemical solution deposition, suffer from severe leakage that hinder the acquirements of their intrinsic high polarizations and are thus normally not considered for use in practical electronics. The controlled fabrication of thin films with reduced leakage is of vital importance. In the present work, BiFeO₃ films (with thicknesses below ~300 nm), assisted by an interfacial amorphous layer, were fabricated by chemical solution deposition on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates. This facile method facilitates the growth of the mentioned amorphous layer, and the ferroelectric properties of the obtained films were greatly enhanced. The conducting mechanisms of both types of thin films were systematically investigated to understand the impact of the designed interface. The results not only advance the potential use of BiFeO₃ thin films in electromechanical devices but also promote chemical solution deposition as a promising methodology for the fabrication of high-quality ferroelectric films with compressed leakage.     

超薄氮硫掺杂碳包覆二硫化铁的制备及储钠性能

钠离子电池（SIBs）因元素丰度高、成本低,在大规模储能领域具有广阔的应用前景,因此探索潜在的适配钠离子电池电极材料具有重要的研究意义。其中,高容量转化型负极材料硫化铁因元素丰度高、成本低、环境友好等优点备受关注。以活性大红染料为碳源,通过溶剂除杂和高温退火过程合成了小于2 nm超薄氮、硫掺杂碳材料包裹二硫化铁（FeS₂/N,S-C）微米颗粒复合材料。三维连续的碳网络与杂原子掺杂,能够协同促进快速的电子传导,可有效缓解二硫化铁储钠过程中的体积膨胀;同时,质量分数低于4%的极低碳含量有助于提升电极和电池的质量及体积能量密度。研究结果表明,FeS₂/N,S-C电极具有较高的可逆比容量（在0.1 A/g电流密度下可逆比容量达到758 mA·h/g）和优异的倍率性能（在10 A/g电流密度下保持207 mA·h/g的可逆比容量）。该研究工作不仅提供了一种潜在的低成本钠离子电池复合负极材料的制备方法,同时探索了高效氮掺杂碳包覆的新思路。     

酶催化制备吡咯啉-5-羧酸和哌啶-6-羧酸的工艺

吡咯啉-5-羧酸(P5C)、哌啶-6-羧酸(P6C)是一类同代谢反应和疾病诊疗密切相关的环形亚胺化合物,在机体内氨基酸代谢中发挥重要作用。本研究利用Thermomicrobium roseum肌氨酸氧化酶对-C-N-键的催化能力建立了一种酶法制备工艺并进行了条件优化。通过薄层层析(TLC)、液质联用(LC-MS)和1H-NMR核磁共振鉴别出化合物结构,并建立了含量测定方法。单因素实验分析反应温度、pH和底物浓度对产量的影响,并通过响应面得到P5C最佳反应条件：温度为79.33℃、pH为8.54、底物浓度为112.82 mmol/L,P6C最佳反应条件：温度80.19℃、pH为8.31、底物浓度83.58 mmol/L。在此条件下反应30 min,P5C和P6C的产量分别为340.15±9.12, 450.87±8.54 mg/L。反应48 h后,转化率分别达到81.94%和99.99%。研究结果为酶法制备P5C和P6C奠定了理论基础,为吡咯啉、哌啶类化合物的合成提供了新的思路。     

不同送粉速度对TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆的影响

采用光纤激光对TC4钛合金表面进行熔覆改性,研究送粉速度对熔覆工艺过程和熔覆层性能的影响。采用高速摄像机拍摄了加热粉末在空间的分布形貌,采用光学显微镜观察了熔覆层横截面形貌,采用EDS分析了熔覆层的氮含量分布,并测量了熔覆层横截面的显微硬度。实验表明,送粉速度较小时,粉末吸收少量激光能量,熔池较大,熔覆层宽而浅;送粉速度较大时,粉末吸收大量激光能量,熔池较小,熔覆层窄而深。当送粉速度较大时,熔覆层的氮元素含量和显微硬度均分布基本均匀,无明显梯度;随送粉速度增加,熔覆层显微硬度会增加,并稳定在约9.3 GPa。     

Ti(C,N)含量和烧结温度对梯度硬质合金脱β层厚度的影响

以Ti(C,N)为N源,在脱氮气氛下烧结制备WC-TiC-Ti(C,N)-TaC-NbC-Co硬质合金,研究Ti(C,N)含量和烧结温度对脱β层厚度及合金微观组织与性能的影响。结果表明:随Ti(C,N)的质量分数从0.5%增加到1.5%,脱β层厚度持续增大。随烧结温度升高,脱β层厚度增大,增大的幅度随Ti(C,N)含量增加而增大。合金的密度、硬度和矫顽磁力不受Ti(C,N)含量的影响,但随烧结温度升高,合金的硬度降低、矫顽磁力变小、WC平均晶粒尺寸增大且直边化。脱β层中无明显的WC晶粒异常长大现象,脱β层厚度由Ti的扩散和N含量决定。